[26], At the age of 18, Shakespeare married 26-year-old Anne Hathaway. His plays are still performed today. [271][272][273] Other authors argue that there is a lack of evidence about Shakespeare's religious beliefs. William was the third out of eight children whom all died young. In his will, he left the bulk of his possessions to his eldest daughter, Susanna. [93][94] Shakespeare's will scarcely mentions his wife, Anne, who was probably entitled to one-third of his estate automatically. [128] After the lyrical Richard II, written almost entirely in verse, Shakespeare introduced prose comedy into the histories of the late 1590s, Henry IV, parts 1 and 2, and Henry V. His characters become more complex and tender as he switches deftly between comic and serious scenes, prose and poetry, and achieves the narrative variety of his mature work. William Shakespeare was an English poet, scholarly playwright and actor of poetry. The most serious and intense skepticism began in the 19th century when adoration for Shakespeare was at its highest. https://celebsbiographyonline.com/william-shakespeare-biography No extant contemporary source explains how or why he died. Nicastro
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2. A series of scholarly editions of his work, notably those of Samuel Johnson in 1765 and Edmond Malone in 1790, added to his growing reputation. Parents: John Shakespeare & Mary Shakespeare (nee Arden). It's generally believed he arrived in London in the mid- to late 1580s and may have found work as a horse attendant at some of London's finer theaters, a scenario updated centuries later by the countless aspiring actors and playwrights in Hollywood and Broadway. William Shakespeare Biography. William Shakespeare - Biography and Works William Shakespeare was born in 1564 to a prosperous leather merchant in the village of Stratford-upon-Avon, in Warwickshire England. He is often called England's national poet and nicknamed the Bard of Avon. Shakespeare is widely regarded as the greatest writer in the English language and the world's pre-eminent dramatist. They collected them for publication after Shakespeare died, preserving the plays. As a result, critics of the time mostly rated Shakespeare below John Fletcher and Ben Jonson. [46] The italicised phrase parodying the line "Oh, tiger's heart wrapped in a woman's hide" from Shakespeare's Henry VI, Part 3, along with the pun "Shake-scene", clearly identify Shakespeare as Greene's target. This web-quest is devoted to one of the most outstanding English playwright. The titular hero of one of Shakespeare's greatest tragedies, Hamlet, has probably been discussed more than any other Shakespearean character, especially for his famous soliloquy which begins "To be or not to be; that is the question". Scholars call this period the "lost years," and there is wide speculation on what he was doing during this period. Shakespeare was baptized on April 26, 1564, in the church of the Holy Trinity. DOWNLOAD BIOGRAPHY'S WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE FACT CARD. William Shakespeare - English Literature Shakespeare, William Shakespeare, was an English dramatist and a poet. [246] By the 1980s, Shakespeare studies were open to movements such as structuralism, feminism, New Historicism, African-American studies, and queer studies. [182] Both proved popular and were often reprinted during Shakespeare's lifetime. [204] The late romances, with their shifts in time and surprising turns of plot, inspired a last poetic style in which long and short sentences are set against one another, clauses are piled up, subject and object are reversed, and words are omitted, creating an effect of spontaneity. William Penn was an English Quaker best known for founding the colony of Pennsylvania as a place for religious freedom in America. [37] John Aubrey reported that Shakespeare had been a country schoolmaster. Nicholas Rowe, Shakespeare's first biographer, recounted a Stratford legend that Shakespeare fled the town for London to escape prosecution for deer poaching in the estate of local squire Thomas Lucy. He is often called England's natio. In practice, this meant that his verse was usually unrhymed and consisted of ten syllables to a line, spoken with a stress on every second syllable. ISBN 978-0-7493-8655-9. His vocabulary exceeds that of any other English writer of his time by a wide margin. [142][143] In King Lear, the old king commits the tragic error of giving up his powers, initiating the events which lead to the torture and blinding of the Earl of Gloucester and the murder of Lear's youngest daughter Cordelia. At age 49 (around 1613), he appears to have retired to Stratford, where he died three years later. William Shakespeare was born on April 23, 1564, the son of John Shakespeare and Mary Arden, in Stratford-upon-Avon, in a family that by today’s standards would be considered middle class.John Shakespeare was an alderman and was later elected mayor of Stratford, who was the highest rank a civilian could attain in politics. British novelist William Golding wrote the critically acclaimed classic 'Lord of the Flies,' and was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1983. These include three operas by Giuseppe Verdi, Macbeth, Otello and Falstaff, whose critical standing compares with that of the source plays. [260] Proposed alternative candidates include Francis Bacon, Christopher Marlowe, and Edward de Vere, 17th Earl of Oxford. Supporters of Shakespeare's authorship argue that the lack of evidence about Shakespeare's life doesn't mean his life didn't exist. Shakespeare, William (1564-1616) (religion, spiritualism, and occult) The works of Shakespeare contain many references to witches, witchcraft, and magic.Best known, perhaps, are the witches of Macbeth (1605-06).Their appearance in act 1, scene 3 of the play demonstrates a variety of acts and beliefs of the time that concerned witches and witchcraft: conjuring winds, sailing in … In Shakespeare's final period, he wrote several tragicomedies. [34] Biographers attempting to account for this period have reported many apocryphal stories. and all the men and women merely players: He is often called England’s national poet and the “Bard of Avon”. Before Shakespeare's birth, his father became a successful merchant and held official positions as alderman and bailiff, an office resembling a mayor. Other plays written during this period include All’s Well That Ends Well, Measure for Measure, Timon of Athens, Coriolanus, Pericles and Henry VIII. [144][145][146] In Macbeth, the shortest and most compressed of Shakespeare's tragedies,[147] uncontrollable ambition incites Macbeth and his wife, Lady Macbeth, to murder the rightful king and usurp the throne until their own guilt destroys them in turn. In Cymbeline, for example, Jupiter descends "in thunder and lightning, sitting upon an eagle: he throws a thunderbolt. [247][248] Comparing Shakespeare's accomplishments to those of leading figures in philosophy and theology, Harold Bloom wrote: "Shakespeare was larger than Plato and than St. Augustine. Scholars and literary critics began to float names like Christopher Marlowe, Edward de Vere and Francis Bacon — men of more known backgrounds, literary accreditation, or inspiration — as the true authors of the plays. [224][225] Actor and theatre director Simon Callow writes, "this master, this titan, this genius, so profoundly British and so effortlessly universal, each different culture – German, Italian, Russian – was obliged to respond to the Shakespearean example; for the most part, they embraced it, and him, with joyous abandon, as the possibilities of language and character in action that he celebrated liberated writers across the continent. Henry VI (Parts I, II and III), Richard II and Henry V dramatize the destructive results of weak or corrupt rulers and have been interpreted by drama historians as Shakespeare's way of justifying the origins of the Tudor Dynasty. To digg the dvst encloased heare. Located about 100 miles northwest of London, during Shakespeare's time Stratford-upon-Avon was a bustling market town along the River Avon and bisected by a country road. [124] Shakespeare's next comedy, the equally romantic Merchant of Venice, contains a portrayal of the vengeful Jewish moneylender Shylock, which reflects Elizabethan views but may appear derogatory to modern audiences. Né entre le 20 et le 26 avril 1564, William est le troisième enfant de John Shakespeare et de Mary Arden. His father John was the son of a farmer who became a successful tradesman; his mother Mary Arden was gentry. His plays have been translated into every major living language and are performed more often than those of any other playwright. Nous avons très peu d'informations sur la vie de Shakespeare avant 1592. At the same time, there are passages in all the plays that deviate from this and use forms of poetry or simple prose. Considered the most important troupe of its time, the company changed its name to the King's Men following the crowning of King James I in 1603. The literary critic A. C. Bradley described this style as "more concentrated, rapid, varied, and, in construction, less regular, not seldom twisted or elliptical". His reception in Germany was particularly significant; as early as the 18th century Shakespeare was widely translated and popularised in Germany, and gradually became a "classic of the German Weimar era;" Christoph Martin Wieland was the first to produce complete translations of Shakespeare's plays in any language. He wrote 39 plays (with about half of them considered comedies) and two long poems in his lifetime. He lived in Stratford-upon-Avon, in Warwickshire, England. Surnommé « le Barde d'Avon », « le Barde immortel » ou simplement « le Barde », il est considéré comme l'un des plus grands poètes et dramaturges de langue anglaise. [160][161] The Globe opened in autumn 1599, with Julius Caesar one of the first plays staged. [139] Unlike the introverted Hamlet, whose fatal flaw is hesitation, the heroes of the tragedies that followed, Othello and King Lear, are undone by hasty errors of judgement. [27] The ceremony may have been arranged in some haste since the Worcester chancellor allowed the marriage banns to be read once instead of the usual three times,[28][29] and six months after the marriage Anne gave birth to a daughter, Susanna, baptised 26 May 1583. William Shakespeare Biography. His writings have influenced countless writers and artists through the ages. It contained 36 texts, including 18 printed for the first time. Among those who championed him were the writers Voltaire, Goethe, Stendhal, and Victor Hugo. [44], Scholars differ on the exact meaning of Greene's words,[44][45] but most agree that Greene was accusing Shakespeare of reaching above his rank in trying to match such university-educated writers as Christopher Marlowe, Thomas Nashe, and Greene himself (the so-called "University Wits"). [193], Shakespeare's first plays were written in the conventional style of the day. [174] Nor did Shakespeare plan or expect his works to survive in any form at all; those works likely would have faded into oblivion but for his friends' spontaneous idea, after his death, to create and publish the First Folio. [15] This date, which can be traced to a mistake made by an 18th-century scholar, has proved appealing to biographers because Shakespeare died on the same date in 1616. Shakespeare was baptised on 26th April, 1564. Others read the same passages as the expression of intense friendship rather than romantic love. [44][47], Greene's attack is the earliest surviving mention of Shakespeare's work in the theatre. [173] No evidence suggests that Shakespeare approved these editions, which the First Folio describes as "stol'n and surreptitious copies". [180] Influenced by Ovid's Metamorphoses,[181] the poems show the guilt and moral confusion that result from uncontrolled lust. Shakespeare is considered by many to be the greatest writer of the English language. Critic George Steiner described all English verse dramas from Coleridge to Tennyson as "feeble variations on Shakespearean themes. [88] Shakespeare signed his last will and testament on 25 March 1616; the following day, his new son-in-law, Thomas Quiney was found guilty of fathering an illegitimate son by Margaret Wheeler, who had died during childbirth. [123] A Midsummer Night's Dream is a witty mixture of romance, fairy magic, and comic lowlife scenes. Le jeune William est un élève brillant en langue, en littérature, et aime la rhétorique. Their first daughter was Susanna. Achetez et téléchargez ebook Hamlet: (Annotated with short biography) (English Edition): Boutique Kindle - Historical : Amazon.fr [179], In 1593 and 1594, when the theatres were closed because of plague, Shakespeare published two narrative poems on sexual themes, Venus and Adonis and The Rape of Lucrece. it is such a nice story . Cinq de leurs huit enfants survivront, et deux d'entre eux deviendront acteurs : William lui-même et son cadet Edmund (né en 1580), qui le suit à Londres. [61] In 1709, Rowe passed down a tradition that Shakespeare played the ghost of Hamlet's father. In Venus and Adonis, an innocent Adonis rejects the sexual advances of Venus; while in The Rape of Lucrece, the virtuous wife Lucrece is raped by the lustful Tarquin. [227], Between the Restoration of the monarchy in 1660 and the end of the 17th century, classical ideas were in vogue. William Shakespeare Short Biography William Shakespeare Facts. [173][174][176] Where several versions of a play survive, each differs from the other. As used here, Johannes Factotum ("Jack of all trades") refers to a second-rate tinkerer with the work of others, rather than the more common "universal genius". William Shakespeare (April 23, 1564–April 23, 1616) wrote at least 37 plays and 154 sonnets, which are considered among the most important and enduring ever written.Although the plays have captured the imagination of theatergoers for centuries, some historians claim that Shakespeare didn’t actually write them. [13] The volume was prefaced with a poem by Ben Jonson, in which Jonson presciently hailed Shakespeare in a now-famous quote as "not of an age, but for all time". Etes-vous un auteur? He was born six years after Queen Elizabeth I (1533–1603) ascended the throne, in the top of the English Renaissance. He is not only regarded as the father of English drama, but also known as the greatest English poet, and actor. [35][36] Another 18th-century story has Shakespeare starting his theatrical career minding the horses of theatre patrons in London. For other persons of the same name, see, Stratford-upon-Avon, Warwickshire, England, "He was not of an age, but for all time. He is often quoted in modern writing. [125][126] The wit and wordplay of Much Ado About Nothing,[127] the charming rural setting of As You Like It, and the lively merrymaking of Twelfth Night complete Shakespeare's sequence of great comedies. Upon the sightless couriers of the air."[197]. The poet and critic T.S. Log in or register to post comments; MissGoldWerewolf replied on 1 July, 2020 - 14:21 India Permalink. Scholars have surmised that he most likely attended the King's New School, in Stratford, which taught reading, writing and the classics. 26 April 1564 – 23 April 1616) was an English playwright, poet, and actor. His plays have been translated into almost all major languages . That would not let me sleep. Shakespeare is the father of modern literature. … National Portrait Gallery, London. They point out that other playwrights of the time also had sketchy histories and came from modest backgrounds. [52], "All the world's a stage, it is an interesting video about William Shakespeare it tells us about his life and how he became famous and known in the world. He discovered in the theatre of London a medium just coming into its personal and an viewers eager to reward talents of the kind he possessed. William Shakespeare Wife & Married life. Sir, in my heart there was a kind of fighting The exception is the appearance of his name in the "complaints bill" of a law case before the Queen's Bench court at Westminster dated Michaelmas Term 1588 and 9 October 1589. [245] Eliot, along with G. Wilson Knight and the school of New Criticism, led a movement towards a closer reading of Shakespeare's imagery. It is not known definitively when Shakespeare began writing, but contemporary allusions and records of performances show that several of his plays were on the London stage by 1592. It remains unclear if these figures represent real individuals, or if the authorial "I" who addresses them represents Shakespeare himself, though Wordsworth believed that with the sonnets "Shakespeare unlocked his heart". There is also strong circumstantial evidence of personal relationships by contemporaries who interacted with Shakespeare as an actor and a playwright. [136], In the early 17th century, Shakespeare wrote the so-called "problem plays" Measure for Measure, Troilus and Cressida, and All's Well That Ends Well and a number of his best known tragedies. The American novelist Herman Melville's soliloquies owe much to Shakespeare; his Captain Ahab in Moby-Dick is a classic tragic hero, inspired by King Lear. (1.7.35–38); "... pity, like a naked new-born babe/ Striding the blast, or heaven's cherubim, hors'd/ Upon the sightless couriers of the air ..." (1.7.21–25). The father, a dealer in wool (commerciante di lane), was a solid middle-class citizen. [113] The early plays were influenced by the works of other Elizabethan dramatists, especially Thomas Kyd and Christopher Marlowe, by the traditions of medieval drama, and by the plays of Seneca. Although the theater culture in 16th century England was not highly admired by people of high rank, some of the nobility were good patrons of the performing arts and friends of the actors. Shakespeare was the third child of John Shakespeare, a leather merchant, and Mary Arden, a local landed heiress. W.H. William Shakespeare - William Shakespeare - Understanding Shakespeare: Readers and playgoers in Shakespeare’s own lifetime, and indeed until the late 18th century, never questioned Shakespeare’s authorship of his plays. [36] Later traditions maintain that he also played Adam in As You Like It, and the Chorus in Henry V,[62][63] though scholars doubt the sources of that information. Marxist playwright and director Bertolt Brecht devised an epic theatre under the influence of Shakespeare. [240] In the 19th century, critical admiration for Shakespeare's genius often bordered on adulation. [160][162][163], After the Lord Chamberlain's Men were renamed the King's Men in 1603, they entered a special relationship with the new King James. Shakespeare's works include 38 plays, 2 narrative poems, 154 sonnets, and a variety of other poems. an English poet and playwright, widely regarded as the greatest writer in the English language and the world's pre … The Romantic poets attempted to revive Shakespearean verse drama, though with little success. William Shakespeare, the son of John Shakespeare and Mary, née Arden, was born in the village of Stratford-upon-Avon in the English county of Warwickshire. His works are loved throughout the world, but Shakespeare's personal life is shrouded in mystery. William Shakespeare, often called England's national poet, is considered the greatest dramatist of all time. Scholars differ on the interpretation of this criticism, but most agree that it was Greene's way of saying Shakespeare was reaching above his rank, trying to match better known and educated playwrights like Christopher Marlowe, Thomas Nashe or Greene himself. William Shakespeare was an English poet, playwright and actor of the Renaissance era. [157] After the plagues of 1592–93, Shakespeare's plays were performed by his own company at The Theatre and the Curtain in Shoreditch, north of the Thames. Shakespeare's standard poetic form was blank verse, composed in iambic pentameter. [198][199] No single play marks a change from the traditional to the freer style. One theory is that he might have gone into hiding for poaching game from the local landlord, Sir Thomas Lucy. In the 20th century, new movements in scholarship and performance have rediscovered and adopted his works. Scholars find evidence both for and against Shakespeare's Catholicism, Protestantism, or lack of belief in his plays, but the truth may be impossible to prove. In addition, his works are the second most often quoted after the Bible. ), Some time before 1623, a funerary monument was erected in his memory on the north wall, with a half-effigy of him in the act of writing. William Shakespeare Biography. Well, William Shakespeare was the greatest after all...", "Shakespeare Died a Nobody, and then Got Famous by Accident", "Did He or Didn't He? Romeo and Juliet: romeo and juliet original (With Shakespeare Biography) (English Edition) Format Kindle de William Shakespeare (Auteur) › Consulter la page William Shakespeare d'Amazon. Shakespeare, William Shakespeare, was an English dramatist and a poet. Other plays written before 1600 include Titus Andronicus, The Comedy of Errors, The Two Gentlemen of Verona, The Taming of the Shrew, Love’s Labour’s Lost, King John, The Merry Wives of Windsor and Henry V. It was in Shakespeare's later period, after 1600, that he wrote the tragedies Hamlet, Othello, King Lear and Macbeth. The Authorship Question Who wrote the plays of William Shakespeare? William Shakespeare (26 April 1564 (baptised) – 23 April 1616) was an English poet, playwright, and actor, widely regarded as the greatest writer in the English language and the world’s pre-eminent dramatist. [189] Few analysts believe that the published collection follows Shakespeare's intended sequence. From all accounts, the King's Men company was very popular. William Shakespeare was indisputably among the top English-language poets and playwrights of all time. There are seven years of Shakespeare's life where no records exist after the birth of his twins in 1585. Though entitled to a third of his estate, little seems to have gone to his wife, Anne, whom he bequeathed his "second-best bed." William Blake was a 19th-century writer and artist who is regarded as a seminal figure of the Romantic Age. [108], The first recorded works of Shakespeare are Richard III and the three parts of Henry VI, written in the early 1590s during a vogue for historical drama. William Shakespeare was an English poet, playwright, and actor. Biographers suggest that his career may have begun any time from the mid-1580s to just before Greene's remarks. [243] The playwright and critic George Bernard Shaw mocked the cult of Shakespeare worship as "bardolatry", claiming that the new naturalism of Ibsen's plays had made Shakespeare obsolete. [140] The plots of Shakespeare's tragedies often hinge on such fatal errors or flaws, which overturn order and destroy the hero and those he loves.

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